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6.3.1 Authentication
6.3.2 Connection
6.3.3 Session
6.3.4 Networking
6.3.5 Security
6.3.6 Statements
6.3.7 Prepared Statements
6.3.8 Result Sets
6.3.9 Metadata
6.3.10 BLOB/CLOB processing
6.3.11 Datetime types processing
6.3.12 High Availability and Clustering
6.3.13 Performance Extensions
6.3.14 Debugging/Profiling
6.3.15 Exceptions/Warnings
6.3.16 Tunes for integration with other products
6.3.17 JDBC compliance
6.3.18 X Protocol and X DevAPI

When installing a new MySQL agent, the message 'CLIENTPLUGINAUTH' is required occurs when connecting to a MySQL 5.1.5.1 instance. After upgrading to the 5.9.3.10 or higher MySQL cartridge, older MySQL databases (e.g. 5.5) no longer can be monitored. Why do I get a 'JDBC Driver Error. Learn more about MATLAB. Welcome to the Denodo Community. The Denodo Community is where customers, partners and users have access to information that can help them learn about the Denodo Platform and Data Virtualization to start building agile data solutions the modern way.

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Configuration properties define how Connector/J will make a connection to a MySQL server. Unless otherwise noted, properties can be set for a DataSource object or for a Connection object.

Configuration properties can be set in one of the following ways:

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  • Using the set*() methods on MySQL implementations of java.sql.DataSource (which is the preferred method when using implementations of java.sql.DataSource):

    • com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlDataSource

    • com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlConnectionPoolDataSource

  • As a key-value pair in the java.util.Properties instance passed to DriverManager.getConnection() or Driver.connect()

  • As a JDBC URL parameter in the URL given to java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(), java.sql.Driver.connect() or the MySQL implementations of the javax.sql.DataSourcesetURL() method. If you specify a configuration property in the URL without providing a value for it, nothing will be set; for example, adding useServerPrepStmts alone to the URL does not make Connector/J use server-side prepared statements; you need to add useServerPrepStmts=true.

    If the mechanism you use to configure a JDBC URL is XML-based, use the XML character literal & to separate configuration parameters, as the ampersand is a reserved character for XML.

The properties are listed in the following tables.

The simplest MySQL connection string for C# is:

new MySqlConnection('server=YOURSERVER;user=YOURUSERID;password=YOURPASSWORD')

For all the other options, see the tables below. MySqlConnector supports most of Oracle’sConnector/NET connection options.

There are also several unique options that are supported only by MySqlConnector, a replacement for MySql.Data that fixes bugs,adds new features, and improves database access performance. Install it now.

Base Options

These are the basic options that need to be defined to connect to a MySQL database.

NameDefaultDescription
Host, Server, Data Source, DataSource, Address, Addr, Network AddresslocalhostThe host name or network address of the MySQL Server to which to connect. Multiple hosts can be specified in a comma-delimited list.
On Unix-like systems, this can be a fully qualified path to a MySQL socket file, which will cause a Unix socket to be used instead of a TCP/IP socket. Only a single socket name can be specified.
Port3306The TCP port on which MySQL Server is listening for connections.
User Id, UserID, Username, Uid, User name, UserThe MySQL user ID.
Password, pwdThe password for the MySQL user.
Database, Initial Catalog(Optional) The case-sensitive name of the initial database to use. This may be required if the MySQL user account only has access rights to particular databases on the server.
Protocol, ConnectionProtocol, Connection ProtocolSocketHow to connect to the MySQL Server. This option has the following values:
  • Socket (default): Use TCP/IP sockets.
  • Unix: Use a Unix socket.
  • Pipe: Use a Windows named pipe.
Pipe, PipeName, Pipe NameMYSQLThe name of the Windows named pipe to use to connect to the server. You must also set ConnectionProtocol=pipe to used named pipes.

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SSL/TLS Options

These are the options that need to be used in order to configure a connection to use SSL/TLS.

NameDefaultDescription
SSL Mode, SslModePreferredThis option has the following values:
  • Preferred - (this is the default). Use SSL if the server supports it.
  • None - Do not use SSL.
  • Required - Always use SSL. Deny connection if server does not support SSL. Does not validate CA or hostname.
  • VerifyCA - Always use SSL. Validates the CA but tolerates hostname mismatch.
  • VerifyFull - Always use SSL. Validates CA and hostname.
Certificate File, CertificateFileSpecifies the path to a certificate file in PKCS #12 (.pfx) format containing a bundled Certificate and Private Key used for Mutual Authentication. To create a PKCS #12 bundle from a PEM encoded Certificate and Key, use openssl pkcs12 -in cert.pem -inkey key.pem -export -out bundle.pfx. This option should not be specified if SslCert and SslKey are used.
Certificate Password, CertificatePasswordSpecifies the password for the certificate specified using the CertificateFile option. Not required if the certificate file is not password protected.
SslCert, Ssl-CertSpecifies the path to the client’s SSL certificate file in PEM format. SslKey must also be specified, and CertificateFile should not be. This option is not supported on the netstandard1.3 or netstandard2.0 platforms.
SslKey, Ssl-KeySpecifies the path to the client’s SSL private key in PEM format. SslCert must also be specified, and CertificateFile should not be.
CA Certificate File, CACertificateFile, SslCa, Ssl-CaThis option specifies the path to a CA certificate file in a PEM Encoded (.pem) format. This should be used with SslMode=VerifyCA or SslMode=VerifyFull to enable verification of a CA certificate that is not trusted by the Operating System’s certificate store.
Certificate Store Location, CertificateStoreLocationNoneSpecifies whether the connection should be encrypted with a certificate from the Certificate Store on the machine. The default value of None means the certificate store is not used; a value of CurrentUser or LocalMachine uses the specified store.
Certificate Thumbprint, CertificateThumbprintSpecifies which certificate should be used from the Certificate Store specified in the setting above. This option must be used to indicate which certificate in the store should be used for authentication.
Tls Cipher Suites,TlsCipherSuitesSpecifies which TLS cipher suites may be used during TLS negotiation. The default value (the empty string) allows the OS to determine the TLS cipher suites to use; this is the recommended setting. Otherwise, specify a comma-delimited list of TlsCipherSuite enum values to allow just those cipher suites. (This option is only supported on Linux when using .NET Core 3.1 or .NET 5.0 or later.)
Tls Version, TlsVersion, Tls-VersionSpecifies which TLS versions may be used during TLS negotiation. The default value of null allows the OS to determine the TLS version to use (see documentation); this is the recommended setting. Otherwise, to restrict the versions that can be used, specify a comma-delimited list of versions taken from the following: TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1., TLS 1.2, TLS 1.3. (This option allows each version to be specified in a few different formats: Tls12, Tlsv1.2, TLS 1.2, Tls v1.2; they are treated equivalently.)

Connection Pooling Options

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Connection pooling is enabled by default. These options are used to configure it.

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NameDefaultDescription
PoolingtrueEnables connection pooling. When pooling is enabled, MySqlConnection.Open/OpenAsync retrieves an open connection from the pool if one is available, and Close/Dispose/DisposeAsync returns the open connection to the pool. If there are no available connections in the pool, and the pool hasn’t reached MaximumPoolSize connections, a new connection will be opened; otherwise, the call to Open/OpenAsync blocks until a connection becomes available or ConnectionTimeout is reached.
Connection Lifetime, ConnectionLifeTime0Connections that are returned to the pool will be closed if it’s been more than ConnectionLifeTime seconds since the connection was created. The default value of zero (0) means pooled connections will never incur a ConnectionLifeTime timeout. This can be useful when multiple database servers are being used, as it will force existing connections to be closed, which may spread load more evenly.
Connection Reset, ConnectionResettrueIf true, all connections retrieved from the pool will have been reset. The default value of true ensures that the connection is in the same state whether it’s newly created or retrieved from the pool. A value of false avoids making an additional server round trip to reset the connection, but the connection state is not reset, meaning that session variables and other session state changes from any previous use of the connection are carried over.
Connection Idle Ping Time, ConnectionIdlePingTime (Experimental)0When a connection is retrieved from the pool, and ConnectionReset is false, the serverwill be pinged if the connection has been idle in the pool for longer than ConnectionIdlePingTime seconds.If pinging the server fails, a new connection will be opened automatically by the connection pool. This ensures that theMySqlConnection is in a valid, open state after the call to Open/OpenAsync,at the cost of an extra server roundtrip. For high-performance scenarios, you may wish to set ConnectionIdlePingTimeto a non-zero value to make the connection pool assume that recently-returned connections are still open. If theconnection is broken, it will throw from the first call to ExecuteNonQuery, ExecuteReader,etc.; your code should handle that failure and retry the connection. This option has no effect if ConnectionResetis true, as that will cause a connection reset packet to be sent to the server, making ping redundant.
Connection Idle Timeout, ConnectionIdleTimeout180The amount of time (in seconds) that a connection can remain idle in the pool. Any connection above MinimumPoolSize connections that is idle for longer than ConnectionIdleTimeout is subject to being closed by a background task. The background task runs every minute, or half of ConnectionIdleTimeout, whichever is more frequent. A value of zero (0) means pooled connections will never incur a ConnectionIdleTimeout, and if the pool grows to its maximum size, it will never get smaller.
Defer Connection Reset, DeferConnectionResetfalseIf true, the connection state is not reset until the connection is retrieved from the pool. This was the default behaviour before MySqlConnector 1.3. The default value of false resets connections in the background after they’re closed which makes opening a connection faster, and releases server resources sooner.
Maximum Pool Size, Max Pool Size, MaximumPoolsize, maxpoolsize100The maximum number of connections allowed in the pool.
Minimum Pool Size, Min Pool Size, MinimumPoolSize, minpoolsize0The minimum number of connections to leave in the pool if ConnectionIdleTimeout is reached.

Connection Pooling with Multiple Servers

The Server option supports multiple comma-delimited host names. When this is used with connectionpooling, the LoadBalance option controls how load is distributed across backend servers.

  • RoundRobin (default), Random: A total of MaximumPoolSize connections will be opened, but theymay be unevenly distributed across back ends.
  • LeastConnections: A total of MaximumPoolSize connections will be opened, and they will be evenlydistributed across back ends. The active connections will be selected from the pool in least-recently-usedorder, which does not ensure even load across the back ends. You should set MaximumPoolSize to thenumber of servers multiplied by the desired maximum number of open connections per backend server.
  • Failover: All connections will initially be made to the first server in the list. You should set MaximumPoolSizeto the maximum number of open connections you want per server.

Other Options

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These are the other options that MySqlConnector supports. They are set to sensible defaults and typically do not need to be tweaked.

NameDefaultDescription
AllowLoadLocalInfile, Allow Load Local InfilefalseAllows the LOAD DATA LOCAL command to request files from the client. This is disabled bydefault as a security precaution.In order to use MySqlBulkLoader and set its Local property to true, youmust set this option to True in your connection string.
AllowPublicKeyRetrieval, Allow Public Key RetrievalfalseIf the user account uses sha256_password authentication, the password must be protected during transmission; TLS is the preferred mechanism for this,but if it is not available then RSA public key encryption will be used. To specify the server’s RSA public key, use the ServerRSAPublicKeyFile connectionstring setting, or set AllowPublicKeyRetrieval=True to allow the client to automatically request the public key from the server. Note that AllowPublicKeyRetrieval=Truecould allow a malicious proxy to perform a MITM attack to get the plaintext password, so it is False by default and must be explicitly enabled.
AllowUserVariables, Allow User VariablesfalseAllows user-defined variables (prefixed with @) to be used in SQL statements. The default value (false)only allows @-prefixed names to refer to command parameters.
AllowZeroDateTime, Allow Zero DateTimefalseIf set to true all DATE, DATETIME and TIMESTAMP columns are returned as MySqlDateTime objects instead of DateTime.This allows the special “zero” date value 0000-00-00 to be retrieved from the database. If false (the default)date columns are returned as DateTime values, and an exception is thrown for unrepresentable dates.
ApplicationName, Application NamenullSets the program_name connection attribute passed to MySQL Server. This value may be displayed by diagnostic tools,e.g., as the “Program” column in “Client Connections” in MySQL Workbench.
AutoEnlist, Auto EnlisttrueIf true (default), MySqlConnection will detect if there is an active TransactionScope when it's opened and automatically enlist in it. If false, connections must be manually enlisted by calling EnlistTransaction.
CancellationTimeout, Cancellation Timeout2The length of time (in seconds) to wait for a query to be canceled when MySqlCommand.CommandTimeout expires, or zero for no timeout. If a response isn’t received from the server in thistime, the local socket will be closed and a MySqlException will be thrown.
CharSet, Character Set, CharacterSetutf8mb4MySqlConnector always uses utf8mb4 to send and receive strings from MySQL Server. This option may be specified (for backwards compatibility) but it will be ignored.
Compress, Use Compression, UseCompressionfalseIf true (and if the server supports compression), compresses packets sent between client and server. This option is unlikely to be useful inpractice unless there is a high-latency or low-bandwidth network link between the application and the database server. You should measureperformance with and without this option to determine if it’s beneficial in your environment.
Connect Timeout, Connection Timeout, ConnectionTimeout15The length of time (in seconds) to wait for a connection to the server before terminating the attempt and generating an error.
Convert Zero Datetime, ConvertZeroDateTimefalseTrue to have MySqlDataReader.GetValue() and MySqlDataReader.GetDateTime() return DateTime.MinValue for date or datetime columns that have disallowed values.
DateTimeKindUnspecifiedThe DateTimeKind used when MySqlDataReader returns a DateTime. If set to Utc or Local,a MySqlException will be thrown if a DateTime command parameter has a Kind of Local or Utc,respectively.
GuidFormatDefault

Determines which column type (if any) should be read as a System.Guid.The options include:

Char36
All CHAR(36) columns are read/written as a Guid using lowercase hex with hyphens, which matches UUID().
Char32
All CHAR(32) columns are read/written as a Guid using lowercase hex without hyphens.
Binary16
All BINARY(16) columns are read/written as a Guid using big-endian byte order, which matches UUID_TO_BIN(x).
TimeSwapBinary16
All BINARY(16) columns are read/written as a Guid using big-endian byte order with time parts swapped, which matches UUID_TO_BIN(x,1).
LittleEndianBinary16
All BINARY(16) columns are read/written as a Guid using little-endian byte order, i.e. the byte order used by Guid.ToByteArray() and the Guid(byte[]) constructor.
None
No column types are automatically read as a Guid.
Default
Same as Char36 if OldGuids=False; same as LittleEndianBinary16 if OldGuids=True.
Default Command Timeout, Command Timeout, DefaultCommandTimeout30The length of time (in seconds) each command can execute before the query is cancelled on the server, or zero to disable timeouts.See the note in the Microsoft documentationfor more explanation of how this is determined.
IgnoreCommandTransaction, Ignore Command TransactionfalseIf true, the value of MySqlCommand.Transaction is ignored when commands are executed.This matches the Connector/NET behaviour and can make porting code easier. For more information, see Transaction Usage.
IgnorePrepare, Ignore PreparefalseIf true, calls to MySqlCommand.Prepare(Async) are ignored (and will be no-ops).This option is provided for backwards compatibility with MySQL Connector/NET (before 8.0.23) and should not be used.
Interactive, Interactive Session, InteractiveSessionfalseIf true, the session wait_timeout variable is initialized from the global interactive_timeout value instead of the global wait_timeout value.
Keep Alive, Keepalive0

TCP Keepalive idle time (in seconds). A value of 0 indicates that the OS Default keepalive settings are used; a value greater than 0 is the idle connection time (in seconds) before the first keepalive packet is sent.

On Windows, this option is always supported. On non-Windows platforms, this option only takes effect in .NET Core 3.0 and later. For earlier versions of .NET Core, the OS Default keepalive settings are used instead.

Load Balance, LoadBalanceRoundRobin

The load-balancing strategy to use when Host contains multiple, comma-delimited, host names.The options include:

RoundRobin
Each new connection opened for this connection pool uses the next host name (sequentially with wraparound). Requires Pooling=True. This is the default if Pooling=True.
FailOver
Each new connection tries to connect to the first host; subsequent hosts are used only if connecting to the first one fails. This is the default if Pooling=False.
Random
Servers are tried in a random order.
LeastConnections
Servers are tried in ascending order of number of currently-open connections in this connection pool. Requires Pooling=True.
No Backslash Escapes, NoBackslashEscapesfalseIf true, backslashes are not escaped in string parameters. Set this to true if the server’s SQL mode includes NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES.
Old Guids, OldGuidsfalseObsolete; use the GuidFormat option instead.
Persist Security Info, PersistSecurityInfofalseWhen set to false or no (strongly recommended), security-sensitive information, such as the password, is not returned as part of the connection string if the connection is open or has ever been in an open state. Resetting the connection string resets all connection string values, including the password. Recognized values are true, false, yes, and no.
ServerRedirectionMode, Server Redirection ModeDisabled

Whether to use server redirection. The options include:

Disabled
Server redirection is not used. All connections go through the proxy server (if there is one).
Preferred
If the server supports redirection, a redirected connection will be attempted. If it’s successful, the redirected connection will be used; otherwise, the original connection will be used.
Required
The server must support redirection, and making a redirected connection must be successful; otherwise, an exception will be thrown.

Server Redirection is supported by Azure Database for MySQL if the redirect_enabled server parameter is set to ON.

This option is only respected if Pooling=True.

ServerRsaPublicKeyFile, Server RSA Public Key FileFor sha256_password authentication. See comments under AllowPublicKeyRetrieval.
ServerSPN, Server SPNFor MariaDB auth_gssapi_client authentication. Specifies the server’s Service Principal Name (to verify that authentication is occurring with the correct server).
Treat Tiny As Boolean, TreatTinyAsBooleantrueWhen set to true, TINYINT(1) values are returned as booleans. Setting this to false causes TINYINT(1) to be returned as sbyte/byte.
Use Affected Rows, UseAffectedRowsfalseWhen false (default), the connection reports found rows instead of changed (affected) rows. Set to true to report only the number of rows actually changed by UPDATE or INSERT … ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE statements.
Use XA Transactions, UseXaTransactionstrueWhen true (default), using TransactionScope or MySqlConnection.EnlistTransactionwill use a XA Transaction. This allows truedistributed transactions, but may not be compatible with server replication; there are other limitations.When set to false, regular MySQL transactions are used, just like Connector/NET.

Unsupported Options

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These options are used by Connector/NET but not supported by MySqlConnector. In general, they should be removedfrom your connection string when migrating from Connector/NET to MySqlConnector.

NameDefaultDescription
AllowBatch, Allow BatchtrueMySqlConnector always allows batch statements.
CacheServerProperties, Cache Server PropertiesMySqlConnector doesn’t need this optimization.
CheckParameters, Check ParameterstrueMySqlConnector always checks stored procedure parameters efficiently; there’s no need to disable this.
CommandInterceptors, Command InterceptorsMySqlConnector doesn’t support this extensibility mechanism, which is not compatible with async operations.
DnsSrv, Dns-SrvMySqlConnector doesn’t support discovering server addresses from DNS SRV records.
ExceptionInterceptors, Exception InterceptorsMySqlConnector doesn’t support this extensibility mechanism.
FunctionsReturnString, Functions Return StringfalseNot supported. BLOBs are always returned as byte[].
IncludeSecurityAsserts, Include Security AssertsfalseNot supported. For partial trust environments.
IntegratedSecurity, Integrated SecurityfalseWindows authentication is not supported.
LoggingfalseUse MySqlConnector logging (which is more flexible) instead.
OldSyntax, Old Syntax, UseOldSyntax, Use Old SyntaxfalseThis option is deprecated in Connector/NET and unsupported in MySqlConnector.
ProcedureCacheSize, Procedure Cache Size, ProcedureCache, Procedure CacheMySqlConnector places no limit on the amount of stored procedure metadata that is cached. It takes a very small amount of memory.
ReplicationNot supported.
RespectBinaryFlags, Respect Binary FlagstrueThe binary type of a column is always respected.
SharedMemoryName, Shared Memory NametrueShared memory (on Windows) is not supported as a connection protocol.
SshHostName, SshPort, SshUserName, SshPassword, SshKeyFile, SshPassPhraseConnecting via SSH isn’t built into MySqlConnector, but can be set up easily by following these instructions.
SqlServerMode, Sql Server ModefalseNot supported.
TreatBlobsAsUtf8, Treat BLOBs as UTF8falseNot supported. BLOBs are always returned as byte[].
UsePerformanceMonitor, Use Performance Monitor, UserPerfMon, PerfMonfalseNot supported.
UseUsageAdvisor, Use Usage Advisor, Usage AdvisorfalseNot supported.